Journal Archive

tokyo shibaura denki k.k. European Appl. 90,973

Multiple layers are produced by feeding a sequence of molten metals or alloys on to the surface of a roll rotating at high speed so that the metal solidifies. In one example one of the layers consists of Pd alloyed with 20% Si. The alloy structures may be used for superconductors, springs and latch relays.

yu. f. shevakin et al U.S. Patent 4,380,528

A contact alloy of high strength, elasticity and corrosion resistance contains 5−30% Pd, 0.1−0.5% Mg, 0.01−0.5% Al, remainder Ag.

imi marston ltd. British Appl. 2,113,718A

A cell such as a hypochlorite cell is operated with one anode consisting of a Ti base coated with platinum group metal and two cathodes made of TiO_x. One cathode is used while the other is being cleaned by local acid generation.

oronzio de nora impianti elettrochimici s.p.a.

European Appl. 84,875

Platinum group metal-coated valve metal anode elements are used in a new design of linear anode structure for cathodic protection.

diamond shamrock corp. European Appls. 87,185/6

Electrodes for use in the electrowinning of Zn, Cu or Co are made by impregnating a Ti sponge with a catalytic mixture of TiO₂, Ru oxide and optionally Pd oxide and fixing the product to a Pb support.

ajinomoto co. inc. European Appl. 88,592

Electrodes having a wide variety of potential uses consist of an electrically conducting solid, such as Pt, on the surface of which are immobilised a strongly acidic cation exchange resin containing aromatic groups, such as a poly (styrene sulphonic acid) and a N-containing electron mediator such as a viologen or a complex of Os, Ru or Fe with phenanthroline or bipyridine.

ishifuku metal industry co. ltd.

European Appl. 90,425

An electrode with a low overvoltage and high durability is obtained using a conventional body of Ti, which is coated with a layer of porous Pt. The porous layer is permeated with Ru, Ir and/or Pd which is then converted to oxide.

celanese corp. U.S. Patent 4,383,899

Ethylene and acetic acid are reacted at a Pd anode to give vinyl acetate using a potential of 0.4–1.8 V.

matsushita electric industrial co. ltd.

U.S. Patent 4,388,385

A cell is claimed which consists of a transparent electrode, made of Sn oxide or vacuum-deposited Pd, Pt or Au, a solid electrolyte which is AgBr, AgI or a complex salt such as RbAg₄I₅ and a second electrode capable of forming a charge-transfer complex with halogen, such as a polyvinyl pyridine.

kernforschungsanlage julich g.m.b.h.

German Offens. 3,149,084/155

A membrane for separating H₂ from gas mixtures consists of successive layers of a nonporous sheet of a Nb and/or Ta alloy saturated with Ag or Cu, a molten mixture of Li hydride and Li chloride and a layer of Pd-Cu or Pd-Ag alloy.

national research development corp.

British Appl. 2,117,669A

A new technique is used to produce very thin, highly ordered polymeric films on substrates. The substrates listed include Pt, Au, Ag and superconducting alloys containing platinum group metals.

a/s neselco European Appl. 87,135

An improved catalyst which removes the need for pre-etching a plastics substrate prior to electroless plating consists of a finely powdered plastics material such as a styrene-acrylate copolymer, impregnated with an ester surfactant, Sn chloride, Pd chloride.

a.m.p. inc. European Appl. 91,209

Terminals are selectively plated with Pt, Pd, Au, Ag or their alloys as they are wrapped round a mandrel.

siemens a.g. German Offen. 3,148,788

Uniform bright deposits are obtained from a bath containing per litre, 10–100 ml phosphoric acid of density 1.71 neutralised with 25% aqueous NH₃ and 5–40g Pd as Pd chloride at pH 6.5–8.5.

v. a. kirilov and a. d. kisbyachuk

Russian Patent 1,006,549

Bright deposits are obtained from an electroplating solution containing, per litre, 10–40g Pd chloride, 20–40g ammonium sulphate, 80–160g monoethanolamine (97%), 0.5–1.5g long-chain aliphatic alcohol and 0.3-1g hexamethylenediamine tetraacetic- or diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid.

sharp k.k. British Appl. 2,113,400A

A moisture-responsive element is a membrane of an organic polymer having a hydrophilic group sandwiched between electrodes of Ru, Pt or Au.

centre national de la recherche scientifique

British Appl. 2,117,121A

The measuring electrode of a sensor is formed from a compound of Ru, Ir, Os, Mo or W which is conductive at room temperature. The preferred compound is RuO₂ and/or RuCl₃.

hitachi ltd. European Appl. 84,935

CO is detected as distinct from H₂ through the absence of a polarisation current in a cell. The cell has electrodes of Pt or Pd in a fluorocarbon binder.

university patents inc. European Appl. 85,704

Non-ionic species in aqueous media, such as glucose in blood, is monitored by a membrane electrode consisting of a polymer matrix containing a water-insoluble salt of the non-ionic species deposited on a conductor such as Pt, Au, Ag or C.

rheometron a.g. European Appl. 87,425

A measuring probe for inductive magnetic flowmeters consists of a Pt wire electrode around which is sintered a tube of oxide ceramic such as Al₂O₃. Leads are provided on the outside of the tube by means of a conductive ink containing Pt particles.

hitachi ltd. European Appl. 89,630

A sensor using the Pt-ZrO₂-Y₂O₃ system employs O₂ in the atmosphere to supply an independent control for the measurements.

flinders university of south australia

U.S. Patent 4,384,934

A device for measuring O₂ partial pressure preferably consists of a disc of ZrO₂ solid electrolyte stabilised with Y oxide and provided on one side with a Pd working electrode and on the other side with a counter-electrode of Pt.

metzeler kautschuk g.m.b.h.

European Appl. 90,200

Difficult surfaces such as silicone rubber and polyurethane plastics may be more readily joined by interposing a metallised shim to which both surfaces can be cemented. Textiles metallised with Pt, Au, Ag or Cu may be used.

mitsubishi petrochemical co. ltd.

British Appl. 2,113,210A

Tertiary amines may be produced with catalyst reuse by reacting CO, H₂ and a primary or secondary amine in the presence of a Rh and/or Ru catalyst and an alcohol solvent. The alcohol is chosen so that the amine separates from a phase containing the catalyst in water such as Rh chloride.

johnson matthey p.l.c. British Appl. 2,114,461A

A typical Haber process catalyst containing Fe which may be derived from magnetite, is promoted with a mixture of La and Ni in a 1 : 4−6 ratio and optionally with Ru, Co or Ce. A typical combination is LaNi₅ with 20% Ru.

chevron research co. British Appl. 2,116,450A

The dehydrocyclisation of acyclic hydrocarbons to aromatics is achieved at a higher conversion rate using a catalyst consisting of an L type zeolite, Ba, Sr or Ca and a Group VIII metal, preferably Pt. Typically 0.1−35% Ba and 0.1−5% Pt are present.

alloy surfaces co. inc. British Appl. 2,117,400 A

Pt wire containing 0.5−5% Al is formed by thermal diffusion of the Al. The Al is then leached out to give a “Raney” structure which is heated at 1800−2300°F for at least one week to give catalytic stability, a longer active life and a surface which fissures less. The Pt may be alloyed with another platinum group metal.

hoechst a.g. European Appl. 85,398

Acetic acid, acetaldehyde and ethanol are produced by the reaction of CO and H₂ in the presence of Rh promoted with an element or elements of atomic number 21, 39 and 58–71, such as a lanthanide. The catalyst may be supported. In the examples Rh/SiO₂ is promoted by La, Ce, Y, Ho or Gd.

u.o.p. inc. European Appl. 87,808

A catalyst for the oxidation of exhaust gases from I.C. engines or organic processes consists of a metal substrate such as a Ni-Cr alloy electroplated with 0.1−1% Pt or Pd and 0.1−1% Ce or La.

sumitomo chemical co. ltd. European Appl. 87,980

In a process for the selective hydrogenation of specified unsaturated hydrocarbons in mixtures over a fixed bed of Pt-supported catalyst, the H₂ is introduced at more than one point along the length of the reaction vessel.

cjb developments ltd. and universal matthey products ltd. European Appl. 89,183

H₂ is removed from a gas which also contains O₂ by contact in the cold with a catalyst containing 0.25−2.5% Pd on a Sn oxide-Al₂O₃ support. The process is particularly useful for the removal of H₂ from wet air in enclosed spaces. A third Group VIII metal may also be present in the catalyst.

johnson matthey p.l.c. European Appl. 89,830

In a process for reacting traces of O₂ in anaerobic jars with H₂, a catalyst comprising Pd, Pt, Rh and/or Ir on a porous C support is used. The preferred catalyst is 1.67−2.29% Pd/C fibre cloth. This catalyst does not produce fines and so reduces the likelihood of an explosion in the H₂/O₂ mixture. The catalyst may be used once and then disposed of.

basf a.g. European Appl. 90,232

Olefins have been produced from methanol and/or dimethyl ether in the presence of zeolite catalysts. The olefins are now produced in a multiple stage process where the residual reaction product (after olefin separation) is hydrogenated and cracked to give 2–4C olefins. The hydrogenation of the residue may be catalysed by Pt/ or Pd/Al₂O₃.

exxon research & engineering co.

U.S. Patent 4,379,076

A catalyst for hydrocarbon reforming consists of an Al₂O₃ carrier impregnated with 0.1−2% Pt, 0.1−2% Ir, 0.01−0.1% Cu, 0.001−3% S and 0.1−2.5% halogen.

basf a.g. U.S. Patent 4,379,756

Supported Pd-Cu-Te catalysts used for the acyloxylation of butadiene are reactivated by heating them at 200−900°C in an inert gas such as Ar.

air products & chemicals inc.

U.S. Patent 4,379,778

Improved reduced catalysts for the combination of H₂ and O₂ to give peroxide are obtained when Pd is deposited on a C support and then treated with an aldehyde or ketone and hydrochloric acid.

general motors corp. U.S. Patent 4,380,510

A catalyst for the purification of I.C.E. exhaust is made by modifying a particulate Al₂O₃ carrier with one or more base metals, preferably chosen from Ce, La, U, Sn, Ba, Fe, Cu, Co and Ni, and then coating with thin layers of two platinum group metals preferably chosen from Pt, Pd and Rh.

u.o.p. inc. U.S. Patent 4,381,257

A catalyst for the dehydrogenation especially of paraffins or alkyl benzenes consists of an Al₂O₃ carrier impregnated with 0.01−2% Pt, 0.05−5% Co, 0.01−5% Ta and 0.1−5% Li or K oxide.

johnson matthey & co. ltd. U.S. Patent 4,384,549

Boilers, especially shell boilers, are provided with a catalyst to bring about the catalytic combustion of at least a proportion of any unburned fuel leaving the combustion chamber. The catalyst is preferably a substrate coated with a layer of refractory metal oxide and then with a platinum group metal or alloy. The use of the catalyst enables the boiler to be run more efficiently and reduces the time needed to clean the pipes of the boiler.

exxon research & engineering co.

U.S. Patent 4,387,258

The selective hydrogenation of alkynes and dienes to alkenes is catalysed by a crystalline SiO₂ polymorph of specified physical properties impregnated with 0.1−0.5% Pd.

american cyanamid co. U.S. Patent 4,389,386

A catalyst for the oxidation of HCN to isocyanic acid is Ag crystals coated with 20−10,000 ppm Pd.

basf a.g. German Offen. 3,201,457

A catalyst for the steam reforming of hydrocarbons to olefins consists of a carrier such as SiO₂, promoted with Mg oxide, supporting Ru.

kazakhskii khimiko-tekhnologicheskii institut

Russian Patent 1,004,333

A catalyst for the hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexane consists of Rh black promoted with 5−10% of a Sm, La or Eu oxide.

f. hoffmann-la roche & co. a.g.

British Appl. 2,114,134 A

New chiral phosphines are (phosphino)(phosphinomethyl)pyrrolidines with the N atom optionally substituted, such as (2S,4S)-4-(diphenylphosphino)-2-[(diphenylphosphino)methyl]-1-(diphenylphosphinyl)pyrrolidine. Their complexes with Rh are asymmetric hydrogenation catalysts.

imperial chemical industries p.l.c.

British Appl. 2,114,149 A

A compound containing a cyclohexene ring is obtained by adding two nucleophiles and then two electrophiles to a dicationic organic Group VIII metal complex. The complex is preferably obtained from Ru, Rh or Ir, such as (hexahaptohexamethylbenzene)(pentahaptopentamethylcyclopentadienyl) ruthenium bis(tetrafluoroborate).

texaco development corp.

British Appl. 2,114,562 A

Ethylene glycol and lower alcohols are produced by contacting CO and H₂ with a Ru-containing compound, a substituted aromatic compound and a quaternary phosphonium bromide. Typical examples of the catalyst components are RuO₂ or Ru carbonyl, chlorobenzene or hexamethyl benzene and tetrabutylphosphonium bromide.

ruhrchemie a.g. European Appl. 84,833

Ethanol and propanol are produced by the reaction of methanol, CO and H₂ in a reaction medium containing a Co compound, a Ru compound, an iodide and a phosphine. Ru acetylacetonate is used in some examples with Co carbonyl and Nal.

plurichemie anstalt European Appl. 86,046

In specified homogeneous hydrogenation reactions the catalyst system consists of triphenylphosphine, and a product of the reaction of hydrazine with a Rh complex, preferably RhCl(PPh₃)₃.

toa nenryo kogyo k.k. European Appl. 89,697

New catalysts for oxo reactions, hydrogenation, isomerisation, etc., have the formula HRh(CO)(XAr₃)_n(YAr′₃)_3−n where X is P and Y is As or Sb, X is As and Y is P or Sb, or X is Sb and Y is P, As or Sb, n is 1 or 2 and Ar and Ar′ are aryl groups such as HRh(CO)(AsPh₃)₂(SbPh₃).

shell internationale research mij. b.v.

European Appl. 90,443

The reaction of methanol with CO in the presence of CH₃I and NaI to give acetic acid and/or methyl acetate is catalysed by Pd acetate and an amine ligand such as bipyridine or tetramethyl ethylenediamine.

shell internationale research mij. b.v.

European Appls. 90,444/45

Catalysts for epoxide polymerisation are complexes of general formula M_a[M′(CN)_bX_c]_d.wM″X′_exH₂O.yL.zH_nX″m, where M′ and M″ may each be Ir, Rh or Ru, among others.

montedison s.p.a. European Appl. 91,383

A nitroaromatic compound is reduced by the transfer of H from an alcohol in the presence of an Ir catalyst formed by an Ir salt chelated with an olefin or diene and a nitrogenous ligand such as an ethylene and dipyridyl complex of IrCl.

davy mckee (oil & chemicals) ltd.

U.S. Patent 4,383,125

Aldehyde ethers useful in organic synthesis are obtained by hydroformylating the corresponding allyl ethers in the presence of a Rh catalyst such as HRh(CO)(PPh₃)₃.

occidental research corp. U.S. Patent 4,386,013

A catalyst for olefin hydroformylation consists of a Rh compound or complex, such as Rh(CO)Cl(PPh₃)₂, intercalated on a carrier which is a layered Zr phosphonate complex such as (EtPO₃)₄Zr₃{O₃P(CH₂)₃PPh₂}₂.

e.i.du pont de nemours & co. U.S. Patent 4,386,217

The formation of esters from olefins, alcohols, CO and O₂ is catalysed by a system consisting of a heteropolyacid and a Pd compound or complex, preferably bis (benzonitrile)Pd dichloride.

centre national de la recherche scientifique (cnrs) French Appl. 2,515,064

New water soluble catalysts are complexes of Rh, Ir or Co with a modified phenanthroline or bipyridine.

united technologies corp.

British Appl. 2,117,791 A

The performance of Pt and other noble metal catalysts in reactions where the reduction of O is a rate limiting step is improved by increasing the electron density of states at the Fermi level of the catalyst. This may be achieved by alloying with suitable metals such as W, V, Mo, Co and Cr. The catalysts are useful for fuel cells and other purposes such as I.C.E. exhaust gas purification.

hitachi ltd. European Appl. 90,358

Water-repellent particles and platinum group metal particles are supported on one side of an ion exchange membrane to provide an oxidiser electrode while other platinum group metal particles are placed on the opposite side of the membrane to form the fuel electrode, giving a three-phase system.

exxon research & engineering co.

U.S. Patent 4,385,970

Platinum group metals, Cu, Ag and Hg may be recovered from acidic solutions in a cell in which the cathode is an electrically conductive porous substrate coated on its exterior surface with a fuel activating catalyst and fed with H₂ in the absence of any externally applied potential. The catalyst is preferably Rh, Pt, Pd or Ir or an alloy or mixture of these metals.

konishiroku photo industry co. ltd.

European Appl. 91,788

Ag halide photographic materials are given improved gradation characteristics by adding, based on 100g Ag, at least 40 mg of a water soluble Group VIII compound having a molecular weight of at least 100. Typical compounds are Na, K and ammonium chloropalladates, chloroiridates and chloroplatinates and RhCl₃.

u.s. department of energy

British Appl. 2,113,371 A

Cooling over a large temperature range is achieved using a wheel with layers of ferromagnetic or paramagnetic porous material arranged according to their Curie temperature. The preferred materials are gadolinium intermetallics, some with platinum group metals, such as Gd₅Pd₂.

hitachi ltd. British Appl. 2,116,356 A

An impregnated cathode capable of operation at lower temperatures consists of Os, Ru, Ir, W, Mo, Ta or Re powder mixed with Sc oxide and/or a mixed oxide containing Sc such as (Sc, Y)₂O₃. The emissive impregnant is Ba oxide.

corning glass works European Appl. 86,077

Frits which can be readily applied to Al₂O₃ to give films with a temperature coefficient of resistance of less than 100ppm are based on 32−39% PbO, 44−47% B₂O₃, 14−17% SiO₂ and up to 5% WO₃ or MoO₃. These frits are used with RuO₂ and a vehicle to give inks for resistor production.

hitachi ltd. European Appl. 87,559

A thin film permanent magnet is made by sputtering from a Co alloy containing 5−35 at.% Pt.

siemens a.g. European Appl. 88,220

A non-sticking contact of low contact resistance consists of a ferromagnetic substrate tipped with Ag coated with a 0.2−2μ m film of Rh.

eastman kodak co. European Appl. 89,221

A toner containing a chemical plating catalyst in its particles is used to produce a conductive circuit on a board by photocopying. The toner particles are fused and then reinforced by chemical plating. Platinum group metals and Au are among the catalysts which may be used.

johnson matthey p.l.c. European Appl. 89,829

An electrical connection using a liquid conductive material, especially for use in glass fibre spinning, is designed to reduce stress between the parts. In a glass fibre spinning machine the bushing and the lug connecting it to a source of heating current may be made from platinum group metals, Ag, Au, Cu, Al or an alloy thereof. This improved electrical connector has a reduced tendency for the liquid conductive material to be expelled.

thomson-c.s.f. European Appl. 89,874

In an optical disc for information storage the sensitive layer is protected from the effects of atmospheric humidity by a transparent flexible barrier layer which is a thin film of Pt, Pd, Au or alloy thereof.

burroughs corp. U.S. Patent 4,381,215

A method for forming electrical contacts to semiconductor chips includes the provision of successive layers of Pt silicide, a barrier metal preferably Ti-W and a conductor preferably Al.

e.i.dupont de nemours & co. U.S. Patent 4,381,945

The adhesion of a thick film conductor printing composition containing 30−80% finely divided Pd, Ag and optionally Pt, 1−20% Pb-Ge glass and 0.1−10% of a metal oxide capable of reacting with Al₂O₃ to form a spinel is improved by incorporating a hydrolysible Ti complex such as the acetylacetonate.

texas instruments inc. U.S. Patent 4,384,301

The transistor has enhanced oxide thickness at the edge of the gate electrode, and Pt silicide regions in the gate electrode, and source and drain areas to improve the breakdown voltage in multilevel interconnect devices.

bell telephone laboratories inc.

U.S. Patent 4,388,383

In semiconductor devices based on InP, GaP or InGaAsP carrier recombination is suppressed by providing the surfaces with a monolayer or less of Rh, Au or Ag.

robert bosch g.m.b.h. German Offen. 3,145,584

A conductive paste is applied to the surface of through-holes in printed circuit boards by means of an elastically deformable die. The board may be of ceramic or enamelled steel printed with a Ag-Pd paste and baked at 800−900°C, or a plastics substrate printed with a Ag paste and baked at 150−250°C.

m. b. borisov et al Russian Patent 996,391

The ease of metallising a TiO₂ ceramic, such as for condensers, is improved by incorporating 0.001−0.01% Sn and 0.01−0.05% Pd.

m. seisakusho British Appl. 2,113,588 A

The blunt end of a needle blank made of oxidation resistant material is pierced with a heat resisting tool after it has been heated to near its melting point. Os and Ru may be used to produce the tool.

w. c. heraeus g.m.b.h. European Appl. 85,743

In a specified cardiac pacemaker electrode, the lead consists of sintered particles of an Ir alloy such as 90% Pt−10% Ir.

degussa a.g. U.S. Patent 4,382,909

A Au free dental alloy is claimed which contains 1−70% Pd, 0.1−35% Cr, 0.2−1% B, remainder Co. Alternative compositions may also contain minor amounts of other metals, such as lanthanide metals.