Platinum Metals Rev., 1984, 28, (3), 141
NEW PATENTS: July 1984
METALS AND ALLOYS
Silver-Plastic Moulded Body
johnson matthey p.l.c. U.S. Patent 4,410,475
Articles such as jewellery may be fabricated by moulding under pressure and at elevated temperature a mixture of metallic particles and thermoplastic particles. The metals may be platinum group metals, Au, Ag and base metals such as Ni, Cu, Zn or Sn.
Amorphous Magnetic Alloy
t.d.k. electronics co. ltd. U.S. Patent 4,416,709
An alloy highly resistant to corrosion for use in the core of a magnetic head has a composition of formula (FepCoqNir)aMbCrcM′dXe where M is Ru alone or a mixture with Pt, Pd, Ir and/or Rh, M′ is a transition metal other than those in the formula, X is a vitrification element, p + q + r = 100%, a + b + c + d + e = 100% and e is 20−26%. A typical alloy is (Fe5.6Co94.4)704Ru2Cr(Si10B90)23.50.5 Ti.
CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
Amorphous Zirconium Phosphosilicate
daiichi kigenso kagaku kogyo co. ltd. European Appl. 105,128
New ion exchange agents of increased resistance have the formula Zr(PO4)2y(SiO2)z.n′H2O or M2/1Zr(PO4)2y(SiO2)z.n′H2O where 1 is the valence of the cation M, y is 0.02–2, z is 0.05–16.00 and n′ is 0–100. The cation may be derived from Groups IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIA, IIIB, VA, VIA, VIIA and VIII. Platinum group metals, Ag and the lanthanides are among the cations proposed.
Palladium and Platinum Sulphur Complexes
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Electrolytic Cell Electrodes
energy conversion devices inc. European Appls. 99,866/67
An improved anode or cathode is formed by a transition metal host matrix incorporating one or more modifier elements, such as Ru co-sputtered with Ti or material with the composition Ni31Co65Ru4.
Electrocatalytic Energy Conversion
massachussetts institute of technology and w.r. grace & co. European Appl. 99,894
Electrochemical reactions for energy and chemical production give improved yields when carried out in a solid-state cross-flow monolith reactor. The monolith may be made from yttria-stabilised ZrO2 with screen printed Pt electrodes.
Water Photolysis Cell
centre national de la recherche scientifique European Appl. 100,695
In a new form of cell the separate O2 formation and H2 formation catalysts are held apart by depositing them on different supports. The cell may use a Ru bipyridyl photosensitiser and the catalysts are usually platinum group metal or Ag.
Electrodes for Brine Electrolysis
olin corp. U.S. Patent 4,409,085
Reticulate cathodes for use in brine electrolysis are felts of plastics filaments coated with an electroconductive metal such as Ni, Mo, Co or a platinum group metal or alloy. The corresponding anodes are preferably of Ti mesh coated with Ru oxide.
Electrolytic Ozone Production
bbc brown boveri & co. U.S. Patent 4,416,747
Water saturated with O2 is used to produce O3 in a cell where the electrolyte is solid. The electrolyte, such as a membrane, is coated on the cathode side with Pt and on the anode side with PbO2.
Raney Alloy Coated Cathode
olin corp. U.S. Patent 4,419,208
A low overvoltage electrode for use as a H2 evolution cathode in an electrolytic cell has a conductive metal core with a Raney metal surface layer derived from an adherent (Ni-Ru)Al3 beta-phase alloy containing 5−15% Ru.
Polarographic Electrode
ELECTRODEPOSITION AND SURFACE COATINGS
Palladium Electroplating
technic inc. U.S. Patent 4,406,755
Bright coatings free from microcracks are obtained from electroplating baths containing succinimide, pyridine or a pyridine derivative and an organopalladium complex such as PdL2SO4 where L is preferably ethylene diamine or propane-1,3-diamine.
Palladium Electroplating
degussa a.g. U.S. Patent 4,411,743
Good quality Pd coatings are obtained from an electroplating bath which is not corrosive to the substrate metal. The bath contains, per litre, 2−50g Pd of which 80−95% is present as sulphate and the remainder as sulphite, 40−100g H2SO4 and/or phosphoric acid and no HNO3 acid.
Palladium-Nickel Alloy Plating
langbein-pfanhauser werke a.g. U.S. Patents 4,416,740/41
Baths containing 5−30 g/l Pd, 5−30 g/l Ni and a Pd : Ni ratio of 30–90 : 70–10 are known to give alloy coatings able to replace Au. Their brightness and mechanical properties are now improved by using an acetylene imine or aminoalcohol brightener. The U.S. Patent 4,416,741 describes the use of acetylene alcohols and/or their ethers as brighteners.
Black or Blue Rhodium Electrodeposits
nippon mining co. ltd. and nippon metal plating co. ltd. U.S. Patent 4,416,742
Electroplated coatings with a black or blue colour are obtained using a conventional Rh plating bath with an added organic carboxylic acid, aromatic sulphonic acid, amine, gelatin, butynediol and/or a hypo-phosphite, such as ethylenediamine.
LABORATORY APPARATUS AND TECHNIQUE
Catalytic Gas Detector
j. & s. sieger ltd. British Appl. 2,125,554A
A sensing element for a catalytic flammable-gas detector has an electrically resistive heating element, such as a Pt or Pt alloy coil, embedded in a bead having a Pd, Pt, Rh or Ir catalyst dispersed over particles of a metal oxide support material prior to formation of the bead.
Hydrogen Isotopes Separation
kernforschungszentrum karlsruhe g.m.b.h. British Appl. 2,126,204A
Apparatus for separating the gaseous H isotopes protium, deuterium and tritium from a gas stream uses a membrane, such as a Pd membrane, which is permeable to the H isotopes and impermeable to the gas stream.
Vapour Source-Holding Container
konishiroku photo industry co. ltd. British Appl. 2,127,315A
A low emissivity wall material used in the construction of a vapour source-holding container may be of mirror-ground Pt or Au. The container is for an evaporative material such as Se-Te, Se-S, Fe-Ni or AgBr-I.
Blood Gas Sensors
diamond shamrock corp. European Appl. 100,667
A new solid state transcutaneous blood gas sensor is constructed from a noble metal electrode (Ag or a platinum group metal), a Ag/Ag halide reference electrode and an O2-permeable polymeric membrane electrolyte.
Carbon Monoxide Gas Detector
tokyo shibaura denki k.k. European Appl. 102,067
A gas detector for CO consists of a gas sensor and a reference sensor. The gas sensor is based on Sn oxide or another oxide semiconductor whose resistance changes on contact with the reducing gas, a pair of electrodes, of Pt-Au, and a layer of Pt, Pd or Rh deposited on an Al2O3, SiO2 or ZrO2 support. The reference sensor electrode is similar, except that the catalyst is Ag.
Thermal Flow Meter
hitachi ltd. European Appl. 103,212
The current flowing through a Pt or other thermosensitive element is amplified and the signal processed to indicate the required parameter for the fuel intake required.
Determining Hydrogen Flux through Membrane
hellesens a/s European Appl. 103,588
Steel components are susceptible to H2 attack in corrosive environments. The extent of such attacks on steel is now measured electrochemically on a steel member, coated with a Pd film, using the Devanathan principle.
Oxygen Sensor
nissan motor co. ltd. U.S. Patent 4,419,213
For installation in a vehicle exhaust system, an O2 sensing element has a solid electrolyte concentration cell formed as a laminate of thin layers on a ceramic substrate in which a heater is embedded and to which lead wires are attached. A conductive cermet paste prepared by dispersing a mixture of 65 parts Pt powder and 5 parts of a ZrO2-yttria powder (95 : 5 mole ratio) in 30 parts of an organic liquid vehicle may be used in its production.
JOINING
Ductile Brazing Alloy
g.t.e. products corp. European Appl. 104,623
An alloy for brazing ceramics, other non-metals and metals contains 0.25−5% of Ti, V and/or Zr, 25−85% Au and/or Pd and 15−70% Cu and/or Ni. The noble metal gives ductility to the alloy. Cr may also be optionally present in small amounts.
Brazing Foil
allied corp. U.S. Patent 4,405,391
An homogeneous, ductile foil, useful for brazing Fe, Ni and Co alloys, contains 1−41 at.% Pd, 0−20 at.% Cr, 11−20 at.% B, remainder Ni.
Brazing Alloy
HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Lead Tolerant Catalyst Containing Ceria
johnson matthey p.l.c. British Appl. 2,122,912A
A Pb-tolerant spark-ignition engine exhaust gas purification catalyst comprises Pt, Ru and/or Pd on ceria which is supported as a refractory oxide coated support. The combination of the Pt, Rh and/or Pd with ceria results in improved Pb tolerance.
Diesel Engine
johnson matthey p.l.c. British Appl. 2,122,914A
Particles in diesel engine exhaust gas are oxidised using an interstitial catalyst system comprising a catalyst such as Pt, Rh, Pd or their alloys, a layer of refractory metal oxide and a support comprising filamentary metallic material in a knitted or woven form. The gas is made to execute a sharp change in direction.
Methanol Production
british petroleum co. p.l.c. British Appl. 2,125,400A
Methanol is produced by passing CO and H2 over a supported Pd metal catalyst containing a Group IA metal, Group IIA metal or lanthanide element as promoter and supported on a C support with defined surface area characteristics.
Heat Recovery Process
babcock & wilcox co. European Appl. 99,658
Waste gases from a combustion process, such as a boiler, are passed through a recovery heat-exchanger which has a catalyst-coated surface to oxidise the combustion products and increase heat recovery. The catalyst may be Pt, Pd or Ni deposited on the surface by sputtering.
I.C. Engine Exhaust Gas Treatment
ste. francaise des produits pour catalyse procatalyse European Appl. 100,267
A multimetal catalyst is produced from Al2O3 or another support by several treatment stages: the impregnation with Pd and at least one base metal (includes lanthanide metals), activation, impregnation with a platinum group metal other than Pd and finally reduction. In one example Pd is used with Fe and Ce.
Olefin Hydroxylation Catalyst
exxon research & engineering co. European Appl. 102,154
Olefins are hydroxylated with a water/oxidant mixture in the presence of a supported Os catalyst, such as Os3(CO)12 on MgO, optionally together with Nal. Typically isobutylene glycol is produced using this type of catalyst.
Nitrilotriacetonitrile Production
monsanto co. European Appl. 102,343
A gas stream containing HCN is produced, by reacting NH3 and a hydrocarbon on a Pt-Rh gauze, and is scrubbed out of the gas stream with nitrilotriacetonitrile mother liquor. The liquor is fed to a unit for the production of nitrilotriacetonitrile.
Hydrogen Peroxide Production
eka a.b. European Appl. 102,934
A new form of catalyst for the well known anthraquinone process consists of one or more thin-walled coherent solid catalyst bodies forming parallel channels through which the working solution and H2 pass. The platinum group metal catalyst preferably forms a thin layer on the walls.
Metallisation of Polyarylene Sulphide Printed Circuit Boards
phillips petroleum co. European Appl. 103,149
The adhesion of conductive metals to polyarylene sulphide surfaces after pretreatment with a Pd-Sn catalyst is increased by allowing the metallised board to age.
Multimetal Hydrocarbon Reforming Catalyst
mobil oil corp. European Appl. 103,449
A new catalyst contains 0.05−5% each of Pt, Ir and Re uniformly dispersed throughout a porous refractory oxide support, instead of being deposited on the surface as before.
I.C. Engine Exhaust Catalyst
air products & chemicals inc. U.S. Patent 4,407,738
A specified single step impregnation method is used to impregnate a carrier consisting of Al2O3 spheres containing minor amounts of La oxide, Nd oxide and Ce oxide with Pd, Pt and Rh so as to obtain a desired distribution of the metals in the carrier particles.
Catalyst Packaging
degussa a.g. U.S. Patent 4,409,185
Pyrophoric Fe or Ni catalysts which may emit H2 during storage or transport are packed in containers having a safety closure which is a hollow stopper provided with a relief valve and containing a recombination catalyst such as Pt and/or Pd supported on Al2O3.
I.C. Engine Exhaust-Gas Purification
uop inc. U.S. Patent 4,410,454
A catalyst for the oxidative purification of I.C.E. exhaust gases consists of a metallic support such as a Ni-Cr alloy electroplated with a mixture of platinum group and lanthanide metals, preferably Pd and Pt, and La or Ce.
Selective Hydrogenation Catalyst
imperial chemical industries p.l.c. U.S. Patent 4,410,455
A catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of acetylenic impurities in an olefin stream to olefins is made by calcining shaped pieces of a Ca aluminate cement at 900−1050°C and impregnating with a Pd salt solution below pH 1.3.
Diesel Oil Production
gulf research & development co. U.S. Patent 4,413,064
A catalyst for the conversion of synthesis gas to diesel oil is made by impregnating Al2O3 with an aqueous solution of a Co salt and a mixture of Th or La nitrate and Ru acetylacetonate in an organic solvent such as acetone-ethanol.
Osmium Hydroxylation Catalysts
exxon research & engineering co. U.S. Patent 4,413,151
The hydroxylation of olefins to diols is catalysed by an Os carbonyl cluster complex supported on a carrier such as Al2O3, with NaI co-catalyst.
Oxidation Catalyst
tokyo shibaura denki k.k. U.S. Patent 4,414,139
A catalyst for the oxidation of CO, especially in the waste gases from domestic cookers or heaters, is made by calcining a Li aluminosilicate clay, coating with Al2O3, and impregnating the Al2O3 coating with a platinum group metal, preferably Pt.
Naphtha Hydroreforming
exxon research & engineering co. U.S. Patent 4,415,441
In a process for producing a high-octane hydrocarbon from naphtha and H2 over a supported Repromoted Pt catalyst, the H2 is at first added at no more than 75% of the rate required to maintain an optimum yield of hydrocarbons with over five C atoms.
Internal Coating of Tubes with Catalyst
degussa a.g. U.S. Patent 4,415,485
An internal coating of catalyst is provided on contact tubes in a simplified mechanised way by filling the inside of the tube with catalyst liquid and heating the surface of the liquid as it is drained from the tube. In an example an Al2O3 tube is filled with a Pt solution which was heated to 250°C as it was drained at a rate of 8cm/minute.
Effluent Gas Purification
ricoh co. ltd. U.S. Patent 4,415,533
Malodorous exhaust gas from an electrophotographic machine is purified by passing it over a heated porous honeycomb oxidation catalyst in which the active material may be Pd or Pt, among others.
Catalytic Combustor
united technologies corp. U.S. Patent 4,415,537
A catalytic combustor for use with solid-fuel stoves consists of a carrier which is stable at high temperatures, such as La-stabilised Al2O3, supporting an active, S-tolerant catalyst such as Rh.
Syngas Catalyst
shell oil co. U.S. Patents 4,415,675/76
A catalyst for the conversion of synthesis gas to paraffins, alcohols and aldehydes is made by calcining a Ru-exchanged faujasite zeolite in N2 and then in H2, treating with a borane solution and again calcining successively in N2 and H2.
Homologation Catalyst
ethyl corp. U.S. Patent 4,415,749
A catalyst for the formation of ethanol and methyl acetate from methanol and synthesis gas consists of 1−10% Rh and 1−10% Fe supported on Al2O3 modified with Na or Ca.
Nitrobenzene Hydrogenation
e. i. du pont de nemours & co. U.S. Patent 4,415,754
Crude nitrobenzene is hydrogenated over a Pd-Pt-Fe/C catalyst, and aniline is separated from the tarry residue.
Hydrocarbon Conversion Catalyst
uop inc. U.S. Patent 4,416,804
A variety of conversion processes, particularly gasoline fraction reforming, are catalysed by an acidic multimetal composite containing 0.01−2% Pt or another platinum group metal, 0.05−5% Co, 0.01−5% Sn, 0.01−5% P and 0.1−3.5% halogen.
Oxidation Apparatus
daikin kogyo k.k. U.S. Patent 4,418,046
In a process for the catalytic oxidation of CO, formaldehyde and/or methanol, a cylindrical honeycomb catalyst carrier is designed so that it can be regenerated in sections by the passage of hot air. The active component is finely divided Pd.
Oxygen Scavenging System for Anaerobiosis
becton dickinson corp. U.S. Patent 4,419,451
A system for producing an atmosphere for culturing anaerobic microorganisms comprises, in a sealable container, a metal-metal salt couple (a) capable of reacting with O2 and a catalyst for the reaction of O2 with gas generated in the container. In (a) the metal salt may contain Pt or Pd and the catalyst may be a supported Pd catalyst.
Hydrodesulphurisation Catalyst
institut francais du petrole French Appl. 2,521,448
If a natural gas stream, possibly containing small amounts of O2 and odorised with tetrahydrothio-phene, is to be used as a chemical feedstock, the S compound should first be removed to prevent catalyst poisoning. This is done by mixing the gas with H2 at elevated temperature and passing the mixture over a 0.1−5% Pd catalyst supported on Al2O3 or SiO2.
Ruthenium Catalyst
institut francais du petrole French Appl. 2,523,955
A catalyst for the production of CH4 from COx and H2 in aqueous media is obtained by impregnating a vegetable carbon of high specific surface area with Ru acetylacetonate and reducing it in a stream of H2.
Three-Way Catalyst
degussa a.g. German Offen. 3,223,500
A three-way catalyst for the purification of I.C.E. exhaust gases consists of a carrier which is particulate Al2O3 or a ceramic honeycomb coated with Al2O3 impregnated with Ce oxide or a mixture of Ce oxide and Fe oxide in the ratio Ce : Fe of 9 : 2 to 1 : 8, and the ratio Pd : Rh of 2–20 : 1.
HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Carboxylic Acid and Ester Co-Production
shell internationale research mij. b.v. British Appl. 2,123,404A
Carboxylic acid and related carboxylic esters are produced simultaneously by the reaction of different carboxylic esters with CO and H2 at elevated temperature and pressure using a catalyst system containing a Ru compound, a Group VIII metal compound and an organic bromide or iodide. Other Group II metal and transition metal salts must be absent. Thus ethyl acetate and acetic acid may be produced from methyl acetate in the presence of Rh and Ru chlorides and CH3I.
Alcohol Production from Synthesis Gas
british petroleum co. p.l.c. European Appl. 100,607
Saturated straight-chain alcohols are produced from synthesis gas using a catalyst, especially a mixed oxide catalyst, containing Co, one or more of Cu, Ag, Ga, Zr, Zn and Th; one or more of Pt, Pd and Ni and one or more Group IA metals, in specified ratios. A typical catalyst is CuCoPd0.05KxOy where x is about 1.5% and y satisfies the valence requirements.
Acetic Acid Production Catalyst
chemische werke huls a.g. European Appl. 105,132
Acetic acid is produced by the rearrangement of methyl formate in the presence of a catalyst consisting of Rh, Rh salt or a Rh complex (but specifically excluding Group VA ligands), a Group VIB metal compound, (preferably Cr carbomyl and/or halide) and a halogen promoter such as CH3I. At least 0.05mg atom, preferably 0.1−1mg atom, of Rh is used per mol of methyl formate.
Hydroformylation Catalyst
sun tech. inc. U.S. Patent 4,405,496
The hydroformylation of propylene to n.butyraldehyde is catalysed by the complex Pt(acac)2.5(SnCl2.2H2O).5(PPh3).
Rhodium Complex Catalysts
monsanto co. U.S. Patent 4,405,814
The hydroformylation of formaldehyde to glycol aldehyde is catalysed by Rh-tertiary phosphine complexes, such as (CO)ClRh(PPh3)2 and a t.amine.
Rhodium Complex Catalyst
national distillers & chemical corp. U.S. Patent 4,405,821
The hydroformylation of formaldehyde in liquid organic media to glycol aldehyde is catalysed by ClRh(PPh3)3 and Bu3PO.
Platinum Complex Catalyst
shell oil co. U.S. Patent 4,408,078
The hydroformylation of olefins to aldehydes is catalysed by complexes of the type {(PPh3)2PtH(OPPh2)}.
Hydrogenation Catalysts
shell oil co. U.S. Patent 4,409,397
Specified asymmetric hydrogenation reactions are preferably catalysed by a system consisting of a complex (LRhCl)2 where L is cyclooctadiene or norbornadiene and a chiral ferrocenyl phosphine ligand.
Rhodium and Ruthenium Catalysts
national distillers & chemical corp. U.S. Patent 4,413,146
Catalysts for the water-gas shift reaction and various organic hydrogenation and hydroformylation reactions consist of a lamellar material such as graphite, a clay or Zr dihydrogen phosphate intercalated with a Rh or Ru carbonyl cluster complex.
Rhodium and Iridium Hydrosilylation Catalysts
minnesota mining & manufacturing co. U.S. Patent 4,414,376
The hydrosilylation curing of vinyl siloxane polymers is catalysed by complexes (L)MX(L′)2 or (L){RhX(CO)2}2 where L is a N heterocycle such as pyridine, phenazine or pyrazine, L′ is CO or L′2 is cyclooctadiene and M is Ir or Rh.
Hydrogen Transfer Catalysts
montedison s.p.a. U.S. Patent 4,414,417
H transfer between alcohols and unsaturated ketones is catalysed by complexes of formula {M(L)(cod)}X where M is Ir or Rh and L is a phenanthroline or bipyridyl ligand. Mainly Ir complexes are used.
Binder for Solid Fuels
united technologies corp. U.S. Patent 4,416,710
Norbornene polymerised using a Ru chloride catalyst provides a useful binder for gasoline and other liquids to give solid fuels.
Toluic Acid Production
e. i. du pont de nemours & co. U.S. Patent 4,416,801
The oxidative carbonylation of toluene with CO and O2 to toluic acid is catalysed by a mixture of 1.5−95 mol % platinum group metal and perfluorinated polymeric sulphonic acid or its salts (5−98.5 mol %). The two components may be combined, in Pd-exchanged Nafion resin. The text discloses a wider range of S oxyacids as co-catalysts.
Hydrosilylation Catalysts
th. goldschmidt a.g. U.S. Patent 4,417,068
The hydrosilylation of compounds containing olefinic double bonds is catalysed by compounds of general formula M(NH3)2X2, where X is Cl, Br, I or NO2 and M is Pd or Pt.
Hydrocarbon Processing
FUEL CELLS
Nuclear Fuel Processing
alkem g.m.b.h. European Appl. 100,941
Spent fuel rods are heated to expand the sheathing. The fuel released is dissolved in an O2 atmosphere where Ru and other platinum group metals are lost as volatile compounds with O. They are recovered in a cold trap.
Fuel Cell Electrode
hitachi ltd. U.S. Patent 4,407,905
In an improved, stabilised, gas-diffusion electrode for a fuel cell, a conductive permeable substrate is coated with a catalyst consisting of colonies of primary metal particles uniformly distributed on a carrier powder. The metal is a platinum group metal.
Fuel Cell Electrode
u.s. department of energy U.S. Patent 4,407,906
An improved catalytic electrode for use in a phosphoric acid fuel cell consists of a graphitised C substrate coated with a Pd-Pt alloy in a hydrophobic binder.
Fuel Cell Reactor
CORROSION PROTECTION
CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
Hydrogen Purification Apparatus
consolidated technology corp. British Appl. 2,124,423A
An apparatus for safely purifying H2 gas and a method for preventing explosions in laboratory scale H2 gas diffusion purification units, which may use a series of Ag-Pd tubes, are described.
Colour Photographic Material
konishiroku photo industry co. ltd. British Appl. 2,125,980A
Ag halide colour photographic material has a light-sensitive Ag halide emulsion layer containing at least one cyan-forming coupler and optionally Au sensitisers, such as K chloroaurate, or sensitisers of water-soluble salts of Ru, Rh, Ir, Pt or Pd, such as ammonium chloropalladate or K chloroplatinate. A Pd/C catalyst is used as a hydrogenation catalyst in the production of the couplers.
Metals Recovery
national research development corp. U.S. Patent 4,412,893
In a method for recovering metals more noble than Fe by electrolysis of their salt solutions in the presence of ferrous ions, relative motion is maintained between the solution and the anode which is of graphite, Pt, platinised Ti, Ti coated with Ir oxide or Pt coated with Ir oxide.
GLASS TECHNOLOGY
Metallised Glass-Ceramics
corning glass works U.S. Patent 4,414,281
Machinable glass-ceramics having an integral surface layer of Cu or Ag are made by fusing specified mixtures of SiO2, Mg oxide, Mg fluoride, K oxide or Ba and Sr oxides, Al2O3, B2O3 and Cu oxide or Ag oxide in a Pt crucible, shaping, and heating in a reducing atmosphere.
Glass Ceramics
u.s. department of energy U.S. Patent 4,414,282
Glass ceramic compositions for making seals to Inconel are made by fusing specified oxide mixtures in a Pt or Pt-Rh crucible.
Flat Glass Manufacture
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
Permanent Magnet
litton systems inc. British Appl. 2,124,033A
Radially directed internal magnetisation, for instance in a bearing, is obtained by forming a magnet from axial slices which are stacked to form a cylinder with a central bore. Pt-Co and lanthanide-Co magnet alloys are preferably used.
Magnetic Recording Medium
hitachi ltd. European Appl. 99,564
A recording medium free from spike noise has a high permeability magnetic material film, an antiferromagnetic material film and a perpendicularly oriented magnetic film. The high permeability film may be made of a Co-Ru alloy.
Thermal Treatment of Semiconductor Powders
ciba-geigy a.g. European Appl. 99,860
The photoredox properties of a wide variety of chalcogenide semiconductor powders (among them Ag sulphide) are improved by heat treatment at up to 150°C under pressure. The products may be coated with metal, especially Pt.
Microcircuit Assembly
hughes aircraft co. U.S. Patent 4,410,874
A large area hybrid microcircuit assembly includes thick film leads preferably made from pastes of Pt-Ag or Pt-Au alloy.
Sparking Plug
ngk spark plug co. ltd. U.S. Patent 4,414,483
In a specified powder metallurgy process spark plug electrodes are made from alloys of Ag and Au with each other and/or Pt, Pd and/or Cr.
Rhodite Resistor Paste
u.s. philips corp. U.S. Patent 4,415,486
A resistor paste consists of an organic vehicle, a glass frit and one of a rhodite, AgxPd1−xRhO2 or its alloy with Ag and Pd, or Ag-Pd alloy particles coated with the rhodite.
Thick Film Inks
r.c.a. corp. U.S. Patent 4,415,624
Thick film resistor or conductor inks based, respectively, on RuO2, and a precious metal and Bi oxide, can be fired in air when the frit used is a Ca Ba borosilicate glass.
Electrode for Printing
international business machines corp. U.S. Patent 4,415,905
The wear resistance of an electrolytic printing electrode is considerably increased by coating the substrate tip with a thin layer of TiO2 and Ru oxide.
Iridium Oxide Electrochromic Devices
bell telephone laboratories inc. U.S. Patent 4,416,516
A new combination of an electrochromic Ir oxide electrode and a Ta oxide counter electrode produces a device which has a short circuit memory, colouration threshold and response time.
Thick Film Conductor
e. i. du pont de nemours & co. U.S. Patent 4,416,932
A thick film conductor composition suitable for use in terminations for hermetic ceramic capacitors consists of a mixture of 30−80% finely divided noble metal or alloy (preferably a mixture of Ag, Pt and Pd), 1−20% finely divided low-viscosity glass, 0.1−10% metal oxide capable of reacting with Al2O3 to form a spinel and 0.1−2% organotitanium complex, especially an alkoxy complex.
Magnetic Recording Medium
t.d.k. electronics co. ltd. U.S. Patent 4,416,943
Super high density recordings can be made by using a thin layer (up to 500Å) of an alloy containing at least 50% Co, and one or more of Zn, Rh and Ir.
Thermionic Cathodes
emi-varian ltd. U.S. Patent 4,417,173
Thermionic electron-emitters consist of a porous matrix of W, impregnated with a Group IIA metal activator, coated with 1 μ m of a sigma phase alloy such as an alloy of Os, Ir or Rh with Mo, Ta or Nb.
Electrical Resistors
cts corp. U.S. Patent 4,418,009
Shaped electrical resistors are made by mixing powdered glass with a finely divided refractory oxide filler and a thermally decomposable resinate of Pt and/or Ru, heating to decompose the resinate, and then shaping and firing at a temperature sufficient to fuse the glass but below the softening point of the refractory oxide.
Magnetic Recording Material
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
Heater Control Device
h. sugimori British Appl. 2,124,410A
A heater control device in which energy consumption by the control circuit is largely reduced includes a temperature sensor, such as a Pt resistor.
Fast-Response Thermocouple Probe
MEDICAL USES
Oxygen Sensor
polystan (great britain) ltd. British Appl. 2,124,387A
A polarographic O2 sensor intended primarily for measuring levels of O2 in blood during by-pass surgery may include a Ag anode and a Pt cathode.
Prosthetic Package
telectronics pty. ltd. British Appl. 2,124,495A
Twenty two metallic tubes, preferably Pt, are placed in small holes in a ceramic plate to form feed-throughs in an implantable medical prosthetic package which includes a coil in the tube of bio-compatible material, preferably Pt.
Wound Dressings
university of strathclyde European Appl. 99,758
In a multilayer wound dressing, especially for use in combination with the application of electrical stimuli, a biodegradable tissue interface layer such as collagen is preferably coated on to a layer of fabric plated with Ag, Au or Pt, for example, protected on its other side with a semipermeable membrane of collagen or Ca alginate.
Biological Electrochemical Sensor
hellige g.m.b.h. European Appl. 102,033
An electrochemical sensor for the transcutaneous measurement of CO2 partial pressure in a living body uses an Ir/Ir oxide/membrane measuring electrode in contact with a buffer solution mounted on a Cu or Ag base.
Dental Jacket Crown
i. shoher European Appl. 104,320
The crown is prepared from a thin metal foil substrate coated with a noble metal composition of low melting point, for example a Pt foil coated with Au. The foil is folded into a number of triangular flaps or pleats to form the jacket on a die.
Pacemaker Electrode
telectronics pty. ltd. U.S. Patent 4,408,604
A procedure for fabricating a porous Pt electrode tip for a cardiac pacemaker is claimed.
Platinum Diamine Complexes
netherlands tno U.S. Patent 4,410,544
Complexes of Pt with a large number of diamines may be used in the treatment of tumours and are considerably less toxic than cisplatin.
Dental Alloys
jeneric industries inc. U.S. Patent 4,419,325
A dental alloy for use in porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations includes Pd, Ga and optionally Cu, Au, Al, Co, Ru or Re. The Ru or Re provides grain refining for the alloy to increase its elongation, tensile strength and thus toughness.
Platinum Dioxopyrimidine Complexes
research corp. U.S. Patent 4,419,351
Blue or green Pt-(2,4-dioxopyrimidine) complexes, useful as anti-tumour, anti-bacterial and anti-viral agents, are prepared by reacting a 2,4-dioxopyrimidine with cis-diaquodiammine Pt(II) at 0−55°C and pH 3–8.